Business Case Scenario

Acknowledgement

A special thanks to my mentor who guided me to accomplish my dissertation and better evaluate comparison between Ethernet and Wireless technologies which contributes to increase my knowledge level regarding to topic. It was because of my tutor that I was able to follow the correct path and  without his support, entire research would not have been a success.

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Background of the research

In global era, most of the companies nowadays are concentrating towards adoption of new and emerging technologies in order to promote their business. New emerging network topologies include Wi-Fi network and IPOE used by enterprises flashes many images on the canvas of the mind of customers as well as employees (Howard, 2007). Besides that, rise of Wi-Fi or Wireless network technology has also been responsible for the downfall of use of wired networks within enterprises. In addition to this, many new computer models like Apple’s MacBook Air and many more do not support Ethernet connections anymore in their latest models. Earlier, most of the organisations were using Ethernet or wired network using 802.11g standard but some serious limitations were also associated with it such as these kinds of devices were not capable of transferring data up to 54 MB/s data over network (Peterson, 2011). In terms of providing a secured and faster means of connectivity anywhere and anytime, Wireless network is a cost effectiveness deployment as compared to wired network. The rationle behind conduct the present study is to evaluate the benefits of network configurations (wireless and Ethernet) and their roles and contribution in achieving firm target. Apart from this, dissertation also  differentiate between Ethernet and Wireless network and their uses for business purpose. This research also helpful for top business stakeholders and business entities to take sound decisions in their business as provide an option to choose whether the Ethernet network configuration is more beneficial to Wireless or vice versa (Odom, 2004). Through checking out the implementation of both the networks and costs of installing the different sets of computer networks, it can be easily identified purpose of using both devices. The present study describes the impact of Wireless Network on performance and business operations on enterprise with help of business case scenario.

Overview of Ethernet

Computers in small business organisations, home and offices are connected with each other through a LAN Ethernet which allows them to send and receive information from one node to other effectively. Ethernet has some unique features such as easy to plan and install, robust and reliable and supports more hardware and software (Van, Mattson and Haas, 2011). It uses a shared medium which contains MAC (Media Access Control) address, for sending and receiving information. Apart from this, to avoid collision raised when two nodes transmit data at the same time, Ethernet has used carrier sense multiple access with Collision Detection (CSMA/ CD). In terms of easy installation, easy troubleshoot and transmitting data onto the access medium, Ethernet is more beneficial for the organisations (Sarkar, 2006).

Ethernet or wired network is quicker and more reliable and operates at baseband speeds of either 100Mbps or 1000Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet).  By using Ethernet, users can easily add and delete computers on the network. Ethernet configuration requires cable to be connected to each and every computer in the network and cost of Ethernet is low because devices used in network design are very cheap as compared to wireless networks (Hart, 2013). Users can easily install hundreds of thousands of nodes and remove them without bringing the network down because Ethernet protocol is straight forward.

However, along with several benefits some drawbacks are also associated with use of Ethernet such as it requires Analog circuits for sensing the carrier and sensing collisions and due to its non-deterministic characteristic, it is not guaranteed to access information within specific time interval (Jackson, 2010). In addition to this, due to limited cable length, Ethernet devices are unable to prioritize traffic and overcome propagation delay which can reduce performance of network. Along with this, durability, length, installation time and high Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) are major weakness of Ethernet.

Description of Wireless Network and devices

In cut throat competition market, most of the organizations concentrate towards the installation of wireless network because it is much cheaper to implement and manage. Most of the companies are preferred to use Wireless network for fulfilling different purposes such as education, business, banking and defence. It is providing a pace to the means of accessing network resources. Due to occurrence of rapid advances in the field of wireless network, most of the enterprises and researchers are emphasizing towards use of simulation techniques in their day to day business operations for reduced cost of implementation model at the workplace (Dashore and Singh, 2013). In wireless network, various kinds of network simulators including NetSim, NS-2, GloMoSim and OPNET are available to enhance flexibility and scalability of network. By using wireless network, users can move around freely within the area of the network by using various devices such as Laptops and handheld devices effectively (De Beasi, 2009). Enterprises also concentrate towards use of different types of Wireless technologies including Bluetooth, Mobile telephony and Short message service for data transmission.

Wireless network has different advantages such as it easily share files and other resources with other devices without using any cabling. Besides that, enterprises can easily handle a larger amount of users and instant transfer of information from source node to destination node properly. In this technique, infrastructure and implementation cost are cheaper than wired network and companies can easily reach at non-reachable places such as across river or mountain or rural area without any delay. For temporary network set-up and flexible in even ad-hoc situation, this type of device is ideal (Sukhroop and et.al., 2012).

Along with several advantages, Wireless network has some drawbacks also including lower speed compared to wired network, less secure and more complex to configure. In addition, sometimes, it creates problem for people who are not experienced with computers and Wi-Fi devices (Sarkar, 2006). In addition to this, security (intercepted by unauthorized users), coverage (allows individuals within 150 to 300 feet to access the network) and risk of outsider accessing the network and performance degradation factors including large distances or objects between wireless devices influences performance of Wireless Network within organisation.

Businesses case scenarios

AT&T knowledge venture, (2006) described business scenarios for different organizations to understand the business benefits of Wireless network and mobile solutions. A larger retail enterprise of UK has used wireless network to connect with the individual retailer and customers around the world and share information regarding inventory, sales status and other issues. Earlier, enterprise used ISDN and Ethernet Network which can be problematic for remote access and customers were failing to access information at late night (AT&T Knowledge venture, 2006). To overcome such kind of issues, network administrator of firm had taken initiative to use Wireless network for accessing distributor data, product information and sales figures data.

By establishing a Wireless LAN at the workplace, enterprise was able to provide tremendous flexibility to its employees, faster product delivery times and effective access to business-critical data. Apart from this, by using it, firm was able to reduce its cost on infrastructure set-up and reduced connection cost (Flick, 2011).

Reason for adopting wireless network

Increased collaboration and mobility: By implementing this, employees of the firm will be able to roam around office or different floors without losing network connections.

Improved responsiveness: It provides opportunity to company to quick response to queries and concerns of customers (Wright, 2010).

Better access of information: Wireless network and mobile solution used by company helped them to access to areas that would be difficult to connect to a wired network.

Easier network expansion: By establishing network, firm has been able to add employees or reconfigure offices frequently without any extra effort and spend cost.

Enhance guest access: In addition to this, by using Wireless network, UK based retail company was able to establish secured network access to customers and business partners and offer a unique value-added service to them at stipulated time (Hart, 2013).

1.2 Critical comparison between Ethernet and Wireless Network

In cut throat competitive market, organisations are trying to adopt changes in their network infrastructure and attracting towards implementation of Wireless Network at the workplace. IT revolution and new emerging wireless network are providing easy and flexible operations to customers and enterprises to boost up their performance effectively (Sarkar, 2006). Along with the growth of digital connectivity, risk is of using sensitive and high-value data are also emerging. In the study, investigator has done critical comparison between Ethernet and Wireless network to understand their impact on performance of business. According to Howard, (2007) in terms of freedom of movement and easily sharing files without using cables, wireless network is better than Ethernet. Most of the organizations are showing their interest towards deployment of Wireless network at the workplace due to various features such as ease of installation, performance, security, total cost and reliability (Mitchell and Jolley, 2012)

On the other side, when researcher critically evaluated the performance of Wireless network against Ethernet, it was found that Wireless network is more beneficial for business enterprises in terms of configuration and requirement of network equipment such as Wireless adapters and access points which were inexpensive as compared to Ethernet. In terms of reliability and security, wired or Ethernet network is more beneficial for companies because it allows multiple users to access large amounts of information securely (Peterson, 2011). However, according to cost perspective, for Ethernet set up as compared to wired network in some cases, enterprises will pay high cost. When investigator had done comparison between these two terms on the basis of connection speed and businesses point of view, then he found that Ethernet is not convenient for public use but it provides faster speed as compared to Wireless network. As per Flick, (2011) Ethernet and wired network are more advantageous for traditional offices and smaller enterprises in terms of connection speed which is usually faster and more secured than wireless.

On the basis of the study, it can be interpreted that wireless network devices are more beneficial for business perspective in terms of improved communications through better information sharing and supporting faster and better decision making. Wireless solutions can be helpful for enterprises to understand customer perceptions through providing flexible delivery of services at right time (Sarkar, 2006). Moreover, this dissertation explored on the major advantages of wireless and wired network in business over the other as well as critical comparison between Ethernet and Wireless network in their day to day business functions.

1.3 Purpose of Research

The research is conducted for critically compare between Wireless Network and Ethernet technologies.

Aim: The rationale behind conducting the present study was to differentiate between Ethernet and Wireless network for business.

Objectives:

• To examine the concept of Ethernet and Wireless network for business
• To critically evaluate Ethernet and Wireless devices in terms of various parameters such as speed and security
• To investigate about the best suitable technologies used by modern organisations in terms of enhancing market share and profit margin
• To determine the factors that motivates enterprise to adopt Wireless solutions at the workplace

1.4 Significance scope of the study

By conducting this research, investigator would be able to gain better ideas about wired and wireless technologies so that organizations can take proper decisions on that basis.  Researcher can gain the most appropriate information with the help of the secondary sources. These collected information will help researcher in research design. Through identifying benefits of Wireless technologies, enterprises would be able to have proper implementation of this technique at their workplace. In addition to this, with help of critically comparison between Ethernet and Wireless network, companies will be able to capture market opportunity and better perform against their core competitors.

1.5 Research questions

Investigator develops research questions to provide the direction to entire study and helps in deriving answers to following research questions properly.

• What is the concept of Ethernet and Wireless network?
• What are the major differences between Ethernet and Wireless network?
• What are the best suitable technologies used by modern organisations in terms of enhanced market share and profit margin?
• What are the major factors that motivate enterprise to adopt Wireless solutions at the workplace?

1.6 Chapter structure

The complete research is categorized into different chapters that can be described as follows:

Chapter 1: Introduction

The first chapter of dissertation explores about the areas which are going to cover in the study. This section defines the concept of Wireless and Ethernet techniques with critical evaluation between them properly. In addition to this, report describes about the benefits of wireless technologies with the help of business case scenario.

Chapter 2: Literature Review

This section of the study deals with the studies conducted by researchers in their previous studies with the help of secondary sources such as books, journals and published online articles effectively. By conducting review of other studies, investigator would be able to better understand the concept and benefits of Wireless technologies as compared to Ethernet technique.

Chapter 3: Research Methodology

RM section of the dissertation emphasizes on the methodologies used by researcher to carry out the research properly. It covers various aspects related to study such as aims and objectives, design, philosophy, type, sampling, ethical considerations etc. significantly.

Data Analysis and findings

This section defines the techniques used by investigator for analysing the data collected from different sources with the help of applying appropriate techniques.

Chapter 4: Conclusion and Recommendations

In the section, researcher will be able to understand the solutions derived through study and provide recommendations to overcome issues arising during conducting the study.

1.7 Research framework

Research philosophy: For better understand critical comparison between Wireless and Ethernet techniques, Interpretivism philosophy was used.

Research design: As per the present case concerned, exploratory research design is taken because it helps researcher in identifying the proper information regarding to these technologies used by organisations.

Research approach: Inductive research approach has been considered for the study because helps the investigator in all process and it begins with data collection process that are relevant to research objectives. In addition, on that basis companies would be able to develop proper theories and gathered information related to subject matter.

Data Collection and Analysis: Secondary sources such as books, magazines, journals articles are taken into consideration in order to collect qualitative data. With the help of all these sources, researcher can collect the information. For qualitative nature data, thematic analysis has been done because it helps the investigator in finding out information very quickly. In addition, for quantitative data, statistical test was applied.

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

Review of literature is conducted to understand the reviews and opinions of other authors regarding to the study. It is a crucial part of any study because on that basis investigator can easily identify issues and weakness of past studies which are conducted by other researchers effectively.  Rationale behind conducting this section is to critical compare between Ethernet and Wireless networking. This section provides information about concept of Ethernet and Wireless network and their advantages for organisations (De Couto and et.al., 2005). Further LR covers the aspects of difficulties that are faced by enterprises in term of security and privacy measures and overcome these kinds of problems through implementing new technologies and counter measure over issues effectively.

2.1 Background of Ethernet and Wireless Network

In digital era, most of the organizations are concentrating towards implementation of cost and techno-savvy devices in the workplace in order to enhance their business and achieve success in business. Computers can easily exchange data with the help of the set up of different computer networks. Part form this, in easy sharing of data as well as information, it helps the company. Through implementing the quality configuration, organizations can achieve the success in their business operations. Companies prefers Ethernet and Wireless network for  tehir business expand and penetrate more customers. An individual can easily connect local network with the home computers, with the help of setting proper network configuration and working on  computers by assigning different IP addresses (Hung and Liang, 2001). For home purposes as well as desktop computers,  Ethernet is cables and wired networking which are highly used.

As per the views of Akyildiz, Wang and Wang, (2005), Ethernet precedes the IEEE 802.3 standard and use for connecting more than two computers using cables (Akyildiz, Wang and Wang, 2005). However, Zhu and Ma, (2004) argue that in present scenario, Ethernet or wired network can be referred to any 802.3 compliant network (Zhu and Ma,2004). Over the past years, it has been seen that there has been continuous evolution of Ethernet. All these things are possible on the basis of the 0base5 thick coxial cable which was approved for the use in the year 1986. In addition to this, it was followed by twisted pair wiring which was used in 10baseT and was approved in the year 1991. According to Wang, Zhang and Wang, (2006), in 1994 – 95, 10baseF fibre wire was approved. 100Mbps Ethernet was released in the year 1995 which increased its speed (Wang, Zhang and Wang, 2006). With the release of gigabit Ethernet in the year 1998 – 99, speed was further increased. On the basis of the study, it can be examined that these devices will be achieved continuous growth in term of speed and area covered by them. Organizations cannot excluded Ethernet from industrial automation because it not only provides the benefits of standardized communication but also offer other advantages to firms. With the use of industrial Ethernet, creation of a smooth infrastructure was possible from the office to the machine (Flick, 2011). Also, a wide range of transmission media include copper, fibre and wireless are also  offered by industrial Ethernet.

Pandey and Tyagi did performance analysis on Ethernet and Wireless network using NS2 Simulator. They use NS2 tool because it is cheap and supports both protocols and platforms. In addition, they studied about the analytical modelling, simulation and measurement performance measurement techniques. The result of the study argued that, Ethernet is the fastest as compared to wired network protocol. It worked with three different topologies effectively. Star network is a simplistic type of topology and used to connect three or more computers together effectively. Small businesses and even home networks used this topology at their workplace. However, vulnerability is the measure disadvantage of this topology and if host fails the entire network will fail. In bus network, all computers are linked on a single circuit. There is no central computer if one computer will fail then others will not be affected (Hawkins, Yen and Chou, 2000.). Ring network is similar to bus network and it does not rely on a central host computer. However, in this topology, data transmission is slow in long distance and interference is very limited. These are the major weakness of star topology. In wired network static routing, when link breaks between nodes then re-routing is impossible. While on the other hand, in wired dynamic  routing is possible even if link breaks between nodes. Moreover, distance Vector Routing Protocol is helpful for the firm in such kind of situation (Hung and Liang, 2001).

There are different network infrastructures available in the marketplace which allow mobility and business expansion facilities. However, Kotz and Essien, (2005) stated that most organization mostly prefer wireless network in performing business functions as compared to  wire LAN or Ethernet (Kotz and Essien, 2005). This is also known as WLAN. In addition to this, Wireless LANs have similar features as Ethernet LANS. IEEE was adopted 802 LAN/MAN portfolios of computer network architecture standards to increase security. Two dominant working groups consist of 802.3 Ethernet and 802.11 wirelesses LAN have been considered in this regard. However, from critical analysis between these techniques, it was found that, there are various differences between the two. Henderson, Kotz and Abyzov, (2008) explored that WLANs use radio frequencies (RF) in place of cables at the physical layer and MAC sub layer of the Data Link Layer (Henderson, Kotz and Abyzov, 2008). Cable and RF can be compared. Radio frequencies have various characteristics. RF is not guided by boundaries. This means that radio frequencies do not have limits of a wire in a sheath. It can be analyzed that due to absence of boundaries data frames are allowed to travel over the RF media. In this way, these are available to anyone who can receive the signal of radio frequency (Kotz and Essien, 2005).

Yick, Mukherjee and Ghosal, (2008) found that RF is not protected from outside signals. As compared to this, cable is surrounded by an insulating sheath (Yick, Mukherjee and Ghosal, 2008). It can be critically evaluated that radios can interfere with each other when they operate independently in same geographic area and use similar frequencies (Yick, Mukherjee and Ghosal, 2008). Moreover, transmission of RF faces certain challenges. These are inherent in any wave based technology. De Couto and et.al., (2005) found that with WLANs, clients are connected to a network through a wireless access point. Most of the modern business networks are dependent on switch – based LANs. They use this for carrying out day – to - day operations at the workplace (De Couto and et.al., 2005). As per the views of Kassar, Kervella and Pujolle (2008), a fixed location to a definite time period does not restrict productivity. In today's time, people want to be connected at all the times and places, be it in the office or outside it (Kassar, Kervella and Pujolle, 2008).

2.2 Security measures in Ethernet (Wired) and Wireless Network

A number of issues arise in wireless communication. Ghazisaidi, Maier and Assi, (2009) found that issues lie around the area of privacy and security of confidential information. It can be analyzed that data from wireless networks is transmitted between devices (Ghazisaidi, Maier and Assi, 2009). This transmission takes place through air via radio waves. It is susceptible to access from unauthorized people. Flammini and et.al., (2009) asserted that emergence of IT governance and new security protocol acts as a solution for these problems (Flammini and et.al., 2009). However, it can be critically analyzed that these protocols are not capable of providing protection against the location boundaries of transmission of radio waves. It can be analyzed that, as data is not travelling via a wired network there is possibility for an unauthorized person to intercept it. As such, there is a need for security measures in Ethernet and wireless networks.

With a recovery attack on Wired Equivalent Protocol (WEP), position of user can be tracked by an unauthorized person. Moreover, there are interface identifiers that help in tracking of locations over time. As such, they assist in unique identification of each client. Yick, Mukherjee and Ghosal, (2008) suggest that if interface identifiers are disposed, the location of a user can be kept secret (Yick, Mukherjee and Ghosal, 2008). However, it can be critically analyzed that, use of MAC is insufficient for protection of privacy of data. In this regard, there can be use of the current location of Wi-Fi access for providing security to the access points for those users who work with confidential data. A more accurate understanding of privacy can also help in providing security to the data. Akyildiz, Wang and Wang, (2005) argue that for eliminating the threats, emerging security technology should be used (Akyildiz, Wang and Wang, 2005). The performance of networks has been improved due to wireless security patches. These security paths allow more band width. This is beneficial as it provides increased speed to the network user. However, it can be critically evaluated that the data can be distorted by viruses and other malware. This creates the need for good management. Wang, Zhang and Wang, (2006) suggests that for eliminating the threat of cracking of keys, Message Integrity Checks (MIC) can be used (Wang, Zhang and Wang, 2006). According to them, management frameworks cannot provide required security because there is leakage of signals which can allow unauthorized access to network of the organization.

2.3 Model Analysis and conceptual map of evolution of wireless network

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) established protocols to enhance secure connection of wireless network at the workplace. This newly development model was scalable, secure, transparent and helpful for companies in detecting jamming attacks in wireless networks effectively (Imafidonm and et.al., n.d.). In order to control wireless activity, some researchers suggested for robust locations scheme and indoor location tracking system to improve on the signal reception. IEEE 802.11 protocol faced problem regarding performance and quality of real time services. In such kind of circumstance, simulation models would be helpful for companies to control and overcome traffic congestion threats.

2.4 Critical Comparison between Ethernet and Wireless Network

In digital era, consumers and organizations want techno-friendly devices which are less in cost and provide better facilities such as fast internet connection and less network delay. Enterprises and stakeholders are demanded for internet connection which will be affordable. According to Hart (2013) cut throat competitive market, always provides the choice between a wireless and Ethernet connection services. Moreover, wireless connections are given more priories  because it is more feasible choice between two. Hart (2013), clearly identified that wired or Ethernet connections are in less popularity rather than using wired connections in term of user access and flexibility.  (Howard, 2007). Part from this, one of the major drawbacks of using this technique is higher cost as compared to other. If a person have a limited budget for the home or business then this wireless technology is preferable for them. There are different Ethernet cables used by the organizations to provide faster speed than wireless versions due to more consistent connection. Further, most of the people and organizations are using wireless connection nowadays because they can easily access them at any time. Most of the network administrators and organisations are focusing towards use of wireless connection rather than using Ethernet networking. Due to cost effective and easily accessed by a person at any time features (Levine and Young, 2011). As per the management point of view, having physical infrastructure is a good thing because it also offers cheap deployment. Along with this, it requires different connections for wiring.  It can be costly to maintain because throughout the building, it is essential for the companies to maintain proper wiring for their business (Karsai and et.al., 2011).

Further, implementing two different set of computer network platforms requires several resources such as network interface cards, static router, switches etc. An individual might get a proper connection and network, with the help of setting up all these resources in an effective manner. Along with this, both a modem and wireless router can be used to transfer a large amount of data. A person should have to select the link on their laptop to Ethernet at the time of transferring data. In wireless and wired connection, there are lot many differences. It is not bound to use any cable so that people mostly preferred wireless connection (Hawkins, Yen and Chou, 2000). In addition to this, both the networks can be easily determined with the existing configuration. In case if an organization works with the tight budget then for the company, it is quite difficult to choose the wired or wireless computer network. In the case of wireless network, company only needs a router that must be connected with their network modem. On the other hand, Ethernet network requires special wiring (Littman and Boyan, 2013).

However, Ethernet kinds of wiring are very expensive because it requires a lot of amounts to install. Recent wireless standard has made wireless local area network which is much faster as compared to other ordinary Ethernet configuration. Due to this reason most of the people are concentrate to adopt wireless technologies in their day to day business functions. This technique helps companies in finding out the required of data at the time of their requirements. On the other side, estimated costs for the wireless network are much cheaper as compared to Ethernet (Mitchell and Jolley, 2012). Moreover, most of the time in transfer the ever increasing large business data, Ethernet provide quality services to their customers. Meisel, Pappas and Zhang (2010) stated that person can easily access files by using wireless network which is one of the best network. They can take prints from anywhere in their home area as well.

An individual can synchronize their files and easily share them between different computer networks, with the help of such connections. Further, person can connect to the internet whether user want to access the services with help of wireless network connections without waiting for modem to dial in. Wireless devices include Laptops and many more can be easily carried out from one place to another, In addition, services can also be accessed by the different users at different places. In addition to this, it provides secure connection so that Ethernet can also be known as wired network. Due to this reason, top most organizations are concentrating towards use of this technology. Moreover, Wired networks are inherently more secure than wireless network (Peterson, 2011). At the time of using such services, user does not require any password to access the network. Further, security is the major drawback of using wireless network (Peterson, 2011). Moreover, it can be stated that wireless and wired network can be used by company as per their network usage as well as security concern and effectiveness.

Critical comparison between Ethernet/Wired network and Wireless network can be done on the basis of some factors that can be understood as follows:

Ethernet/Wired network: This network is able to provide speed more than 1000 Mbps, so that it is faster than other wireless networking devices (Van, Mattson and Haas, 2011). To set-up infrastructure and configuration, organisations will require high spending in wired home (Coaxial cables) or Ethernet network. Wired or Ethernet devices are more reliable, faster and able to transfer large amount of data effectively. It cannot be used for mobile network and it looks very messy when it is installed outside. Public sector enterprises are generally using these types of devices.

Wireless network: For the future perspective and reliable working, this network would be beneficial for enterprises. These devices are easy in installation in term of price and reliability as compared to other Ethernet device (Wang, Zhang and Wang, 2006). No requirements of any types of cables and wiring for installation.

On the basis of literature review of different authors, it can be said that wireless network provides mobility and flexibility than other. Further, it allows greater flexibility in office configuration to user and contributes in increasing mobility factor through which firm can easily increase their productivity as well. It is not reliable and generally it is best for mobile devices and laptop (Sarkar, 2006). In addition, these devices are not faster as compared to Ethernet devices. Wireless network will deliver a much more beneficial operational framework (Sarkar, 2006).  Companies can bring freedom of all their operations with the help of using wireless network. In addition, speed up the working process will be improved by using this tool in the workplace. In improving the overall business operations, Wireless network will be beneficial.  Companies can easily expand their business through expanding the overall network. By using this, firs can reduce their network cost effectively. Enterprises can enable their visitors to use company’s services with the help of such connection as well as it will enable them to use internet connection securely (Jackson, 2010). Company people can use this to make telephone calls using voice over internet protocol with the assistance of such network (Littman and Boyan, 2013).

Along with several advantages some drawbacks are also associated with the use of wireless network connections within enterprise which provide higher flexibility to user to connect their personal devices to corporate wireless devices which can create security issues from firm (Patterson and Hennessy, 2013). However, enterprise can overcome such kinds of problems through educating employees about security measures and impact of misuse of wireless network for illegal purpose. Another major weakness of wireless network is its slow speed which is slower as compared to other wired devices.

According to Odom (2004) a combination of wired and wireless technologies are required to satisfy needs of its mobile workers and ensure enterprise to meet security, reliability and control requirements effectively. E.g. Cisco is defined as new Unified Access platform by using combination of both wired and wireless connections in one switch together. Its new set-up is beneficial for companies because 5760 Unified Access WLAN controllers enable them to manage wireless connection and reduce security and privacy related threats at the workplace.

By managing both devices together, firm could be able to successful run its business and reducing the weakness associated with used of wireless devices (Kassar, Kervella and Pujolle, 2008). According to Meeru network, passive monitoring is required to control over Wireless LAN operations and boost up speed of network devices. Network developed by organization enables all wireless enterprises to deliver better quality of services and reduce infrastructure set-up cost.

2.5 Strategies developed for Wireless network

The University of Pennsylvania's defined some strategies for increasing performance of wireless network against Ethernet. Initially enterprise increased number of shared devices among end users for increasing peer-to-peer wireless access in classrooms and meeting spaces. It was very challenging task for enterprise to provide the highest volume and density of end user (Ghazisaidi, Maier and Assi, 2009). Organisation handled this risky task through monitoring use of wireless network and high emphasized on future wireless features that support end user devices. For advancement in wireless technology and increased network speed, it suggested Wi-Fi 802.11ac technology (Akyildiz, Wang and Wang, 2005). In addition, by using authentication infrastructure models developed by Network Planning Task Force (NPTF), enterprises would be able to overcome security and performance regarding issues and will able to performance of Wireless network effectively.

2.6 Major factors motivate enterprise to adopt Wireless solutions at the workplace

Consumers always make clear perception about both the services before making their final choice (Creswell, 2003). It helps them in achieving greater success in their business as well as running all their business operations. A wireless connection is the most popular type of internet connection because it is perfectly fits for the organization and people who need to access the internet from multiple places at once (Flammini and et.al., 2009). It is one of the most popular connections among today's generation. It is commonly used for the laptop and computers. Customers can easily choose the link for their internet connection with the help of this at any time within the range of the modem. According to Meisel, Pappas and Zhang (2010) wireless connection doesn't require the installation of cables and it is one of the most convenient connection. On the other hand, Ethernet can be described with the help of the data cables that connect computer to the internet (Howard, 2007). It may also represent as a wired connection. Ethernet connection can be easily explained by the modem.

2.7 Best suitable technologies used by modern organisations in terms of enhanced profit margin

In digital era, most of the organisations are concentrating towards use of mobile technology, big data and cloud computing technologies to provide quality of services to their customers without any delay at stipulated time (Hart, 2013). By using wireless mobile technology, enterprises would be able to maintain supply chain and logistic operations and effective use of organisational resources in order to accomplish firm goals and enhance profit margin as well. In addition, Wireless Sensor Network, Fully Redundant Mesh Routing and Wireless gateway used by companies will be helpful in terms of increase sales margin and reduce costs and efforts (Karsai and et.al., 2011).

2.8 Security measures for Wireless and Wired network

In global era, threats of hackers and crackers are present for organisation which is created security and privacy related issues for companies. In addition to this, viruses, worm, DoS and other kinds of serious attacks influenced performance of enterprises and theft data of customers, employees and other business partners (Hart, 2013). However, enterprises can overcome security related issues in both wired and wireless network through maintaining confidentiality and data integrity and effective use of Denial-of-service (DoS) protection and Replay protection tools, firms can prevent attacks at both the link layer and the network layer. Access control and compartmental security would be beneficial for the company in order to reduce priority of threats and increase security of wired and wireless technologies used at companies (Henderson, Kotz and Abyzov,  2008).

2.9 Summary of LR section

Moreover, it can be determined that companies can get several benefits of implementing one of the network configurations over the other (Hart, 2013). Wireless network offers more benefit to the business, as it delivers more effective operational framework. By applying security models, enterprises can easily provide secure network access to all their guests within the organization.  Wireless LAN allows a business to bring network access to that area and helps in improving the process of overall business operations (Fitzgerald and Dennis, 2009). By using different networking configurations and WLAN, company can not only achieve business goals but also helps to building competitive advantage of a particular business.

Chapter 3: Research Methodology

This is one of the most important sections of any research is to help the researcher in finding out most suitable and effective conclusion. There are several tools and techniques will be used in order to find out more reliable information. For collecting and analysing information, different methodologies and technologies that have been applied in the present research.  This chapter focused deeper into the detail comparison between wireless and wired technologies as well as it also justifies the reasons for selecting the wireless technologies as compared to wired technique in business operations.

3.1 Research design

In addition to this, exploratory research design has been taken in the present study because it helps the researcher to evaluate the proper information about wired and wireless devices (Fitzgerald, and Dennis, 2009). The main aim of this research is to understand difference between wired and wireless technologies so that proper decisions making can be done. With the help of this research design and secondary sources, researcher can gain the most appropriate information (Jackson, 2010).

3.2 Research philosophy

Due to qualitative nature of study, Interpretivism philosophy is being utilized. Secondary sources such as books, magazines, journals articles are taken into consideration in order to collect qualitative data. Researcher can gather the required information with the help of all these sources, (Wright, 2010). Secondary data collection is very cost effective technique because it helps the investigator in finding out information related to subject matter very quickly.

3.3 Research approach

In the present case, Inductive research approach was utilized because it begins with the proper accumulation of data. In addition, it helps the investigator in come up with the most effective information regarding to wired and wireless technology (Creswell, 2003). Rationale behind to use of inductive research approach is to begin study from collecting of data that are relevant to research objectives and aims. After that, proper theories are developed on the basis of gathered information. No hypothesis is being developed in the present case concerned and all the data is being collected by the secondary sources (Ghazisaidi, Maier and Assi, 2009).

3.4 Research type

As per the present case concerned, qualitative research technique was used because all data was collected from secondary sources. It enables the researcher to analyse the major difference between wireless, Ethernet and point to point techniques (Kassar, Kervella and Pujolle, 2008). With the help of qualitative research technique, instigator can collect the information. However, most of the time researcher cannot find data easily due to lack of presence (Littman and Boyan, 2013). By using this approach, investigator would be able to get detail information related to subject matter.

3.5 Data collection

Current research will be done by secondary sources as it helps the researcher in gaining most appropriate information about the benefits of wireless technology in business  (Patterson and Hennessy, 2013). Secondary data collection was employed in the study because it will help  researcher to evaluate the findings and conclusions of the report in more authentic and accurate manner with deeper insights and views.

3.6 Data Analysis and Findings

For analysing the secondary data, thematic approach was applied and test of different technologies including wirelesses, Ethernet, point to point and so on, done by researchers in their previous studies have been considered in this study to better understand comparison between wireless and wired technologies.
Debnath, Cranley and Davis (2006) analysed the performance of video streaming applications that affect the perceived video quality at the receiver end. They evaluate different parameters varied such as bit-rate fluctuations, packet loss and loss due to excessive delay when using a wired and wireless video streaming server. The result of the study shown that trade-off exists for wired and wireless streaming.

Experimental test bed: For conducted the experiment, two video streaming configurations investigated. The set-up was done when the video server is located on wired server and video was streaming via the Access Point (AP) to a wireless client. While on the other side, video server is located on the WLAN and video was streaming via the AP to a wireless client. With help of the packet monitoring tool, both client and server were configured effectively and clocks were synchronized before each test using Net Time. For measured delay time, difference between the time at which the packet sent and received was monitored at the link-layer of the sender. Variation was come as per changes occurred in video frame sizes which is generally varied from 3.1kB, 6.1kB and 9.2kB (Van, Mattson and Haas, 2011). Variation was raised in packetisation scheme, frame rate of the video, and the size of the video frame while video content streaming over the network. They used RTP tools for generated and streamed video across the network.
(Source:Davis, Cranley and Debnath, 2006)

With increasing in a bit-rate, frame rate (every 300sec) and video frame sizes (every 100sec) were varied and reaches a maximum bit-rate of 2.1Mbps. To support streaming by a server, Hint tracks were used and it also explores that how server should packetise the data. In addition, it ensures that no packet for this stream will exceed 512B (Wright, 2010). Video frame sizes were set {6, 12, 18} in range of packets per video frame while using a hint track512B. On the other hand, the video frame sizes were set 3,6, 9} in ranges of packets per video frame using a hint track setting of 1024B. Video characteristics can be shown in below figure.
(Source:Davis, Cranley and Debnath, 2006)

Test results: From the result of the study, received video quality was affected by two major factors include packet loss and loss due to excessive delay. In addition, performance of wired and wireless network was measured in terms of the received bit-rate, mean packet delay, and loss rates (AT&T Knowledge venture, 2006).

With help of Bit rate analysis, received bit rate at the client side is measured. For a wired and wireless located video server, maximum received bit-rate were measured through using a packetisation scheme of 512B and 1024B. On the basis of the result Debnath, Cranley and Davis found that in the wired network, client receives the maximum bit-rate of 2.1Mbps from the video server. While on the side, packetisation scheme reduces the received bit-rate but number of concurrent video streams increased continuously (Davis, Cranley and Debnath, 2006).

Theme 1: Comparison between Wired (Ethernet) and Wireless on the basis of received bit-rate

On the basis of the received bit-rate, Debnath, Cranley and Davis concluded that each client received the maximum bit-rate of 2.1Mbps and 2.0Mbps when using packetisation scheme of 1024B. They got similar trends when they were used a wirelessly located video streaming server. While in other cases of using an MTU of 1024B and packetisation scheme of 512B, e maximum received bit-rate per station is reduced. Hence, on the basis of the interpretation, it can be interpreted that when three concurrent streams sent then WLAN becomes saturated (Functions of networking devices, 2013). While on the other side, using 1024B and 2.25Mbps using 512B packetisation scheme, wireless located server achieves a maximum throughput of 3Mbps. When wireless located server was used then received bit-rate was always less than as compared to wired server for multiple clients. They found that video stream occupies twice as more resources in case of both the server and client are located on the same WLAN (Malhotra, Gupta and Bansal, 2010).

Theme 2: Comparison  between Wired (Ethernet) and Wireless on the basis of loss rate:

In addition, Debnath, Cranley and Davis found that in term of resources usage, wireless technologies take more resources against Ethernet (wired technology) to transmit on the uplink to the AP and on the downlink to the client side. With help of loss rate analysis, wireless and wired techniques can be compared effectively (De Beasi, 2009). Using a packetisation scheme of 512B and 1024B, the loss rate variations for wired video server for different video streams can be measured. From the figures, it is cleared that twice as many packets are required to transmit the video frames. While figures (c and d) explored that due to collisions and packet retransmissions, packets losses occurred in the WLAN medium. It can be said that there is a higher loss rates when a smaller packet size is used. It can be intercepted that the observed loss rates were not affected by the number of concurrent streams (Dashore and Singh, 2013).

Theme 3: Comparison between Wired (Ethernet) and Wireless on the basis of network delay

On the basis of the delay analysis, it can be interpreted that mean network delay averaged every second varies for three concurrent video streams of 1024B and 512B. With help of the figure, it can be seen that with increasing the number of video stream, mean delay is increased so that packet must wait longer in order to be transmitted (Wang, Zhang and Wang, 2006). When using a wireless server mean delay of server is high as compared to wired network server.

Final outcome of the experiment: Performance measurement of Ethernet and Wireless network server result stated that wireless server has a lower packet delay and loss rates as compared to wired or Ethernet network (Zhu and Ma, 2004). While on the other side, wired server performs better in term of bit-rate.  Hence, on the basis of the experiment result, it can be concluded that wireless connections are the most convenient connections as it does not require any cables to connect. While in Ethernet, cabling is required for the purpose of providing the best effective services to all the users.

Theme 4: Comparison between Wi-Fi and Ethernet LAN using OPNET Modeler

Gupta and Kaur (2010) was done comparison between wired and wireless network on the basis of various performance parameters. The rationale behind conducting the study was to compare the throughput of LANs using Ethernet and WiFi under different scenarios using simulator OPNET-MODELER. Ethernet is a multi-access network and it is inexpensive, reasonably fast, and very popular LAN technology (Gupta and Kaur, 2010). Through can be understood in term of the average rate of successful message delivery over a communication channel in specific time. Generally it is measured in bits-per second (bit/s or bps). Simulation was set-up for Ethernet network model in a star topology and at a data rate of 10Mbps using OPNET Modeler 14.0. All computers were connected with each other to provide wireless connectivity to devices such as portable computers and PDAs etc.

Theme 5: Comparison between Point-to-Point protocol and Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet in term of Quality of Service (QoS)

PPP is used a serial interface for communication between two computers by connecting phone line to a server. It is full duplex protocol that is used various physical media for transmission of information such as twisted pair or Fiber optic lines or satellite etc. (Van,  Mattson and Haas,  2011.) In PPP, QoS mainly deals with low bandwidth links such as modem links due to this high time is taken in transmission of information from sender end to receiver end (Imafidonm and et.al., n.d.). E.g. over a 28.8kbps modem line, 1500 byte packets being transmitted and in transmission 0.4s transmission time was taken. Transmission time taken in transmission was high as compared to other real-time applications such as IP telephony because large packets occupied a relatively significant amount of time and efforts in fragmentation of large packets into smaller one (Sukhroop and et.al., 2012).  While on the other side, in PPP over Ethernet no major Quality of Service efforts has been made but bursty traffic conditions and a light load, it delivered high QoS. For carried out the experiments, they were used Packet delayer, Traffic generator and Traffic monitor tools (Stockholm, 2000). Throughput measurement was done by using few test cases include 10Mbps Full Duplex and 10Mbps Full Duplex under 9Mbps traffic load.

3.7 Ethical considerations

As per the present case concerned, the entire report is performed with ethical aspect. In addition, investigator is maintained integrity and honesty in order to better comparison between different technologies such as wireless, Ethernet and point to point in an effective manner (Karsai, and et.al., 2011). In addition, to ensure better outcomes for the study, data collection and analysis sections were performed properly without any biasness.

3.8 Research limitations

Some limitations exist while gathering, analysing and representing information effectively:

Easy accessibility of literature review and secondary data: While extracting relevant information from existing literature, it takes time and limited availability of critical comparison between wireless and Ethernet technologies are challenging task for researcher to carry out the tasks at stipulated time (Howard, 2007).

Constraint of time: In addition to easy accessibility of secondary data, time is another major constraints that was created issues in successful implementation of study.

Chapter 4: Conclusion and Recommendations

On the basis of the dissertation, it has been identified that in cut throat dynamic environment, it is essential for organizations to adopt the best suitable technologies in the workplace. By using these techniques, they can easily enhance their market share by providing suitable business solutions to their customers. On the based on the various performance parameters and data analysis section, it can be said that performance of the wired Ethernet is very sensitive as compared to Ethernet LAN. However, when number of users will increase then network collisions will increase and resulting in larger wastage of medium and throughput decreases. Hence, it can be interpreted that throughput of Wireless LAN (WiFi) is greater than Ethernet at transmission speed of 10 Mbps. Throughput decreases in case of users is increased beyond the certain limit in network.

From the data analysis section, it can be said that people are much more concerned about the wireless technologies rather than wired technology. The main reason behind choosing this technique is that people can easily get access of internet anywhere. Along with several benefits of wireless network, some drawbacks such as security and privacy attached with it. For desktop computers, wired technological connections are exclusive. By using modem with the help of USB cable connectivity, people can easily access wired technology. It provides facility to organization or an individual one to transfer large amount of data effectively.

Further, all the data is being collected by the secondary sources include books and journals. It helped the researcher to better understand the concept of Ethernet and Wireless network and evaluated major differences between them.

It has been concluded that at the time of using different networking technologies, network administrator might need to have some special equipment. It is cleared that PPPoE (point to point protocol over Ethernet) suffers more and its traffic varies widely as compared to IPoE (Internet Protocol Over Ethernet) in case of Half Duplex 1Mbps link. It can be said that smaller packets are slightly affecting more than larger and traffic suffers dramatic drops even in the larger scale  Further, several benefits of the wireless as well as wired connection have been discussed. With the help of this, it has been identified that by using different networking configurations, company can not only achieve the set out business goals but also boost the global competitive advantage of a particular business.

Further, as per the comparison between both the technologies Wireless and Ethernet, it has been concluded that wireless connections are the most convenient connections for organisations and business. The main reasons behind that it does not require any cables to connect with other users. On the other side in Ethernet, cabling is required for the purpose of providing the best effective services.

However, companies can reduce security related issues in both wired and wireless network through maintaining confidentiality and data integrity in all business processes. By effective use of Denial-of-service (DoS) protection and Replay protection tools, firms can prevent attacks at both the link layer and the network layer (Henderson, Kotz and Abyzov,  2008). While on the other side, access control and compartmental security tools would be beneficial for the company in order to reduce priority of threats and increase security of wired and wireless technologies used at companies. Apart from this, Wireless Sensor Network, Fully Redundant Mesh Routing and Wireless gateway used by companies will be helpful in terms of increase sales margin and reduce costs and efforts.

Moreover, it can be said that in terms of enhanced market share and profit margin, different types of technologies include wireless network, IPOEE and IPoE are required to carry out the business aims and objectives effectively. Henceforth, it can be interpreted that quick access, flexibility, speed, increased mobility, increased productivity, scalability, guest-use, and cost effective factors of wireless techniques that motivate enterprise to adopt Wireless solutions at the workplace.

Further Work:

From the overall research, it has been concluded that in order to come up with the successful business, wireless network will require because it is capable to distribute a much more valuable operational framework to organisation. Further work can be conducted by comparing throughput by use of different wired and wireless network protocols effectively and rather than throughput, based on the other parameters include latency, bandwidth and so on, results may be concluded. In addition, using any other simulators rather than OPNET Modeler, study may be done.

References

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• Fitzgerald, J. andDennis, A., 2009. Business data communications and networking. John Wiley.
• Flammini, A. and et.al., 2009. Wired and wireless sensor networks for industrial applications.Microelectronics Journal.
• Flick, U., 2011. Introducing Research Methodology: A Beginner's Guide to Doing a Research Project. USA: SAGE.
• Ghazisaidi, N., Maier, M. and Assi, C. M., 2009. Fiber-wireless (FiWi) access networks: A survey.Communications Magazine, IEEE.47(2).
• Hart, C. 2013. Graph Theory Topics in Computer Networking. Sage publisher.
• Jackson, S. 2010. Research Methods: A Modular Approach. USA: Cengage Learning.

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